In addition ,some diseases are not the diseases due to exogenous pathogenic
factors , but they can show some symptoms similar to that of diseases caused by
six evils . To differentiate these causes from the exogenous pathogenic six
evils ,the wind , cold , wetness , dryness and fire generated inside body by
dysfunction of the zang-organs and fu-organs are called endogenous wind-evil ,
endogenous cold-evil ,endogenous wetness-evil , endogenous dryness-evil and
endogenous fire-evil .
Wind is the main weather in spring .The diseases caused by wind-evil of
nature mostly are found in spring ,but they can be found at all season .
Cold is the main weather in winter . Exogenous cold-evil refers to the evil
of external cold air which invades human body to cause diseases .
Summer-heat is the main weather in summer ,and it is transformed into by fire
and heat energy . Seasonal febrile diseases in summer are caused by summer-heat
evil ,and they are called diseases due to summer-heat evil.
Wetness is the main weather in late summer .Wetness evil is strong in late
summer , so wetness diseases is common .
Dryness is the main weather in autumn .The diseases due to external
dryness-evil are called exogenous dryness syndromes ,and they are also called "
autumn dryness syndromes " , because they are mostly found in autumn with dry
weather .
Fire is similar to heat ,and both are manifestation of yang and heat .However
,they are different slightly . Heat is slight while fire is serious , heat is
silent while fire is active , furthermore , fire is mostly formed inside body .
Fire diseases can be caused by direct attack of warm-evil and heat-evil , but
they can be caused by heat and fire transformed by invaded five evils-wind ,
cold , summer-heat , wetness ,dryness . Endogenous fire is produced by visceral
dysfunction and emotional stress .
Pestilent evils belong to external
pathogenic factors ,and they are pathogenic factors of acute infectious diseases
with very strong infectiousness.
Occurence and epidemic of the pestilent evils relate to the factors ,such as
serious abnormal natural weathers -- long drought ,excessive rains ,extremely
hot weather and miasma ,as well as poor hygience condition and others.
Pestilent evils refer to pathogenic microorganisms existing in air which can
cause deadly infectious diseases .Infectious diseases infect human body mostly
through the respiratory tract and digestive tract . The infectious diseases
caused by the same kind of pathogenic microorganism have similar symptom
.Different kinds of pathogenic microorganisms cause different infectious
diseases . Because of limitation of conditions,in Sinomedicine ,the pathogenic
microorganisms have not been studied microscopically.However , macroscopical
observation to epidemic of infectious diseases in Sinomedicine is basically
correct . In Sinomedicine it is believed that the factors causing deadly
infectious diseases exist in air ,and epidemic of infectious diseases relates to
abnormality of weather.
3.Seven Emotions
The changes of seven emotional conditions ,overjoy
,anger , worry , overthinking , sorrow , fear , alarm are simply called seven
emotions .In general condition ,seven emotions are reflections of human to
objective external things ,and they belong to scope of normal mental activities
. However ,if long-term mental irritation and violent mental scar exceel the
scope that human physiological activities can regulate ,they may cause imbalance
of yin ,yang ,vital energy and blood inside body ,as well as disturbance of
functions of the zang-organs , fu-organs and meridians ,thus leading to
occurence of diseases.
Seven emotions cause diseases through direct influence on the related
internal organs ,therefore ,they are the main factors causing internal diseases.
Human emotional activities relate closely to the internal organs.When
emotions cause diseases ,they mostly damage the related internal organs . "
Plain Questions .on Matching of Yin and Yang " points out : " anger may lead to
disorder of liver " , " overjoy may lead to disorder of heart " , " overthinking
may lead to disorder of spleen " , " worry may lead to disorder of lung " ,"fear
may lead to disorder of kidney " .
Abnormal changes of emotions damage functional activities of vital energy in
the internal organs,and they cause disturbance of functions of the zang-organs
and fu-organs ,thus leading to diseases . " Plain Questions.on Pain " points out
:" Many diseases are caused by abnormal activities of vital energy . Anger may
lead to the abnormal rising of vital energy , joy may lead to the sluggishness
of vital energy , sorrow may lead to the consumption of vital energy , fear may
lead to the abnormal falling of vital energy,...alarm may lead to the disorder
of vital energy ,and overthinking may lead to the depression of vital energy ."
Disorder of functions of the zang-organs and fu-organs can cause certain
emotional changes as well . " Miraculous Pivot.on Taking Spirit as Basis" point
out: "Asthenia of liver-energy may cause fear , but sthenia of liver-energy may
cause anger " ; " Asthenia of heart-energy may cause sorrow , but sthenia of
heart-energy may cause continuous laugh " . Therefore , asthenia or sthenia of
zang-organs energy can cause different changes of emotions.
The syndromes caused by mental factors are mostly found in heart,liver and
spleen.
4.Improper Diet and Overstrain
Diet , labour and rest are essential
conditions on which human being depends for existence and health-keep . However,
diet must be moderate in,and labour and rest must be rationally arranged ,
otherwise ,they may decrease resistence of organism ,influence physiological
functions of the zang-organs and fu-organs ,thus causing diseases.
[1].Improper Diet
Pathogenies of diet are improper diet ,unclean diet and partiality for a
particular kind of food.
[2].Overstrain
Overtiredness consumes and damages healthy energy easily ,and constant
overtiredness can cause breaking down .Over easiness and comfortableness ,lack
of sport and exercise , and obstruction of circulation of vital energy and blood
can cause liseases as well . Hypercoitus ,that is no abstinence of sex life
,early marriage , hyperfertility and others can consume essence of life and
damage kidney.
" Labour may cause consumption of vital energy " . Overwork can cause
diseases due to disorder of vital energy.
" Comfortableness may cause laziness of vital energy " . Over easiness and
comfortableness , lack of labour and exercise ,decrease of consumption
,lipopexia ,obesity can cause difficulty in movement ,obstruction of circulation
of vital energy and blood ,thus leading to different diseases.
Hypercoitus ,coitus after being drunk , early marriage , multifertility , and
overconsumption of kidney-essence can cause asthenia of kidney.
5.Surgical Trauma
[1].Surgical Trauma
The most common surgical traumas are injuries from falls ,fractures
,contusions and strains ,and injury by metallic blade.
Injuries from falls , fractures , contusions and strains damage vital energy
and blood . If vital energy is damaged ,it will be stagnated . If blood is
damaged , it will be coagulated .Stagnation of vital energy can cause blood
coagulation ,and blood coagulation can also stagnate circulation of vital
energy.
For injury by metallic blade , in the slight sufferers , damage of skin and
muscle , hemorrhage , permeation of blood through skin and muscle , beat
transformed by blood stasis are found ,so they cause red ,tumescence ,heat and
pain .In the serious sufferers ,damage of muscle and fracture are found ,so the
sufferers feel a severe pain , and their movements are restricted.
[2].Injuries by Insects and Animals
Poisonous insect stings can cause local red ,tumescence and pain . The
symptoms of general intoxication ,such as dizziness ,coma and others can be
found in the serious sufferers.
For bitten injury by poisonous snake ,venins can be divided into wind toxin
and fire toxin . After being bitten by poisonous snake with wind toxin ,the
region of wound is no red ,no tumescence and no exudate ,but slight pain ,even
numbness occur in the region . In slight sufferers , the symptoms , such as
dizziness , hidrosis ,feeling of oppression in the chest , anergia of the
extremities can be found ;in serious sufferers , the symptoms ,such as mydriasis
,dimness of sight ,unclearness of speech ,salivation ,lockjaw ,dysphagia ,coma
,weakening of breath ,slow and weak pulse condition or irregular pulse condition
,and final respiratory standstill can be found . After being bitten by poisonous
snake with fire toxin ,the wound is severely painful ,tumescent ,blistering ,and
the wound even necroses to form ulcer . Constitutional symptoms are chill and
fever ,ache of the muscles in whole body ,subcutaneous hemorrhage , hematuria ,
hemafecia , epistaxis and homatemesis ,then ,the symptoms of jaundice and others
occur , even collapse due to deficiency of heart-energy occurs.
Bitten injury by rabid dog can cause rabies.
6.Phlegm,Fluid Retention,and Blood Stasis
Phlegm ,fluid retention,and
blood stasis are products of pathological changes in human body . After
formation of these products ,they can become pathogenic factors , or they can
cause deterioration of diseases.
[1].Phlegm , and Fluid Retention
Phlegm ,and fluid retention are pathological products of retention of water
and wetness evil caused by disorder of functions of the three zang-organs ,lung
,spleen and kidney. The thick pathological product is called phlegm ,and the
thin pathological product is called fluid retention.
After formation of phlegm ,and fluid retention ,they can become new
pathogenic factors , causing many kinds of diseases . Because the regions in
which phlegm ,and fluid retention accumulate are different , the syndromes and
clinical manifestations caused by them are different as well.
For the diseases caused by phlegm ,and fluid retention ,their common
characters are : cough with abundant sputum and saliva , wheezing sound in the
throat due to sputum ,distension ,tumescence and edema ,vomit and vertigo
,palpitation ,greasy fur , wiry and smooth pulse and others.
[2].Blood Stasis
Obstruction of blood circulation ,stagnancy of local bloodflow , and
existence of blood leaving channels in body all are blood stasis.
The symptoms of blood stasis are different because of difference of regions
of obstruction and stagnancy . The diseases caused by blood stasis show
manifestationsof pain ,lump ,hemorrhage and others . Blood stasis obstructs the
channels ,therefore , obstruction causes pain . Pain in blood stasis syndrome is
fixed in location ,showing natures of stabbing pain , refusing press ,and
lasting .Hemorrhage is also common symptom of blood stasis syndrome . Colour of
the hemorrhage is mostly dark purple . The hemorrhage is usually accompanied
with blood clots . Constitutional symptoms of blood stasis include dimmish and
blackish complexion , blue or purple skin , purplish and dimmish tongue , or
tongue with petechiae , small and uneven pulse and others . If sludged blood
attacks heart , mental symptoms , such as delirium ,mania and others will occur.